CVE-2025-0689: When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadat

Q: How do I fix CVE-2025-0689?

grub2: upgrade to newer than 2.12. Exact commands for each OS are on this page.

Q: Is CVE-2025-0689 being exploited?

CVE-2025-0689 is not on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list at the time of the last update. Check again, as this can change.

Q: What does CVE-2025-0689 affect?

CVE-2025-0689 affects grub2. Severity is high (CVSS 7.8). When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadata to allocate its internal buffers. In certain scenarios, while iterating through disk sectors, it assumes the read size from the

Routine

HIGH 7.8UPGRADE

CVE-2025-0689 is a high-severity flaw (CVSS 7.8) affecting grub2. Below: why it ranks where it does, which versions are affected, what to do, and the exact commands.

When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadata to allocate its internal buffers. In certain scenarios, while iterating through disk sectors, it assumes the read size from the disk is always smaller than the allocated buffer size which is not guaranteed. A crafted filesystem image may lead to a heap-based buffer overflow resulting in critical data to be corrupted, resulting in the ri

Why this priority

High severity

A fixed release or distro patch exists.

Risk facts

CVSS score	7.8 (High)
Attack vector	Local
Attack complexity	Low
Privileges needed	None
User interaction	Required
EPSS exploit chance	0.5% (top 57%)
CISA exploited list	No
Weakness	CWE-120
Published	2025-03-03
Last modified	2026-10-21

Publisher (CNA): Red Hat, Inc. · Vendor: gnu

Last updated 2026-10-21 · Sources: CVE Program, NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS and vendor advisories · How we score

Am I affected?

Timeline

2025-03-03 15:15 UTCPublished CVE record published
2026-10-21 17:17 UTCUpdated Record last modified

gnu grub2 UPGRADE

Affected: <= 2.12

Fixed in: newer than 2.12

Safe to downgrade to: no unaffected older release

1. Check installed version

apt-cache policy grub2 || rpm -q grub2 || grub2 --version

2. UPGRADE to newer than 2.12 (Debian / Ubuntu)

sudo apt update && sudo apt install --only-upgrade grub2

2. UPGRADE (RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora)

sudo dnf upgrade grub2

Note

Distros often backport fixes without changing the version number. Confirm with the distro advisory or changelog.

Verify at the official source NVD · CVE Program · Report a problem with this page
Scores and fixes here are computed automatically from those and other public sources. Confirm with the vendor advisory before changing production systems.

Quick answers

How do I fix CVE-2025-0689?

grub2: upgrade to newer than 2.12. Exact commands for each OS are on this page.

Is CVE-2025-0689 being exploited?

CVE-2025-0689 is not on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list at the time of the last update. Check again, as this can change.

What does CVE-2025-0689 affect?

CVE-2025-0689 affects grub2. Severity is high (CVSS 7.8). When reading data from disk, the grub's UDF filesystem module utilizes the user controlled data length metadata to allocate its internal buffers. In certain scenarios, while iterating through disk sectors, it assumes the read size from the

How urgent is CVE-2025-0689?

Priority 38/100. High severity

Related CVEs

CVE-2023-4693 MEDIUM 5.3 UPGRADE MITIGATE An out-of-bounds read flaw was found on grub2's NTFS filesystem driver
CVE-2025-1125 HIGH 7.8 UPGRADE When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the
CVE-2025-0686 MEDIUM 6.4 UPGRADE A flaw was found in grub2
CVE-2025-0685 MEDIUM 6.4 UPGRADE A flaw was found in grub2
CVE-2025-0684 MEDIUM 6.4 UPGRADE A flaw was found in grub2

References

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