CVE-2025-28028: TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A310

This week

HIGH 7.3REMOTEMITIGATEMITIGATEMITIGATE

CVE-2025-28028 is a high-severity flaw (CVSS 7.3) affecting a830r firmware, a950rg firmware, a3000ru firmware. Below: why it ranks where it does, which versions are affected, what to do, and the exact commands.

TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through the v5 parameter.

Why this priority

High severity
Public exploit reference
Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

No fix is published yet: follow the downgrade or mitigation steps.

Risk facts

CVSS score	7.3 (High)
Attack vector	Network (remote)
Attack complexity	Low
Privileges needed	None
User interaction	None
EPSS exploit chance	0.4% (top 66%)
CISA exploited list	No
Weakness	CWE-120
Published	2025-04-23
Last modified	2026-06-17

Publisher (CNA): MITRE · Vendor: totolink

Last updated 2026-06-17 · Sources: CVE Program, NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS and vendor advisories · How we score

Am I affected?

Timeline

2025-04-23 17:16 UTCPublished CVE record published
2026-06-17 09:04 UTCUpdated Record last modified

totolink a830r firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 4.1.2cu.5182_b20201102

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 4.1.2cu.5182_b20201102

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

totolink a950rg firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 4.1.2cu.5161_b20200903

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 4.1.2cu.5161_b20200903

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

totolink a3000ru firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 5.9c.5185_b20201128

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 5.9c.5185_b20201128

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

totolink a3100r firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 4.1.2cu.5247_b20211129

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 4.1.2cu.5247_b20211129

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

Verify at the official source NVD · CVE Program · Report a problem with this page
Scores and fixes here are computed automatically from those and other public sources. Confirm with the vendor advisory before changing production systems.

Quick answers

How do I fix CVE-2025-28028?

a830r firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation; a950rg firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation; a3000ru firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation. Exact commands for each OS are on this page.

Is CVE-2025-28028 being exploited?

CVE-2025-28028 is not on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list at the time of the last update. Check again, as this can change.

What does CVE-2025-28028 affect?

CVE-2025-28028 affects a830r firmware, a950rg firmware, a3000ru firmware. Severity is high (CVSS 7.3). TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through the v5 parameter.

How urgent is CVE-2025-28028?

Priority 44/100. High severity; Public exploit reference; Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

Related CVEs

CVE-2025-28036 CRITICAL 9.8 MITIGATE MITIGATE TOTOLINK A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability
CVE-2025-28035 CRITICAL 9.8 MITIGATE MITIGATE TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability
CVE-2025-28034 CRITICAL 9.8 MITIGATE MITIGATE TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V
CVE-2025-28033 HIGH 7.3 MITIGATE MITIGATE TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V
CVE-2025-28032 HIGH 7.3 MITIGATE MITIGATE TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V

References

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