CVE-2025-31161: CrushFTP Authentication Bypass Vulnerability

100

Patch now

CRITICAL 9.8EXPLOITEDREMOTEUPGRADE

CVE-2025-31161 is a critical-severity flaw (CVSS 9.8) affecting crushftp, reported as exploited in the wild. Below: why it ranks where it does, which versions are affected, what to do, and the exact commands.

CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.4 and 11 before 11.3.1 allows authentication bypass and takeover of the crushadmin account (unless a DMZ proxy instance is used), as exploited in the wild in March and April 2025, aka "Unauthenticated HTTP(S) port access." A race condition exists in the AWS4-HMAC (compatible with S3) authorization method of the HTTP component of the FTP server. The server first verifies the existence of the user by performing a call to log

Why this priority

Critical severity
EPSS top 1%: very likely to be exploited
Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV)
Used in ransomware campaigns
Public exploit reference
CISA SSVC: automatable with total technical impact
Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

A fixed release or distro patch exists.

Risk facts

CVSS score	9.8 (Critical)
Attack vector	Network (remote)
Attack complexity	Low
Privileges needed	None
User interaction	None
EPSS exploit chance	100.0% (top 1%)
CISA exploited list	Yes, fix due 2025-04-28, used in ransomware
Weakness	CWE-305
Published	2025-04-03
Last modified	2026-06-17

Publisher (CNA): MITRE · Vendor: crushftp

Last updated 2026-06-17 · Sources: CVE Program, NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS and vendor advisories · How we score

Am I affected?

Timeline

2025-04-03 20:15 UTCPublished CVE record published
2025-04-07Exploited Added to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list
2025-04-28Deadline CISA due date for US federal agencies to patch
2026-06-17 09:09 UTCUpdated Record last modified

crushftp crushftp UPGRADE

Affected: >= 10.0.0 and < 10.8.4 · >= 11.0.0 and < 11.3.1

Fixed in: 10.8.4, 11.3.1

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 10.0.0

1. Check installed version

apt-cache policy crushftp || rpm -q crushftp || crushftp --version

2. UPGRADE to 10.8.4 (Debian / Ubuntu)

sudo apt update && sudo apt install --only-upgrade crushftp

2. UPGRADE (RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora)

sudo dnf upgrade crushftp

Note

Distros often backport fixes without changing the version number. Confirm with the distro advisory or changelog.

3. If no update is available yet, DOWNGRADE to a release before 10.0.0 (Debian / Ubuntu)

apt-cache madison crushftp sudo apt install crushftp=<VERSION_BEFORE_10.0.0> sudo apt-mark hold crushftp

3. If no update is available yet, DOWNGRADE (RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora)

dnf --showduplicates list crushftp sudo dnf downgrade crushftp-<VERSION_BEFORE_10.0.0> sudo dnf versionlock add crushftp

Downgrade risk

Downgrading can break dependent software and may reopen older bugs. Read the distro advisory first and test on a non-production host.

After downgrade

Restart the service, and keep the package held until a fixed release ships.

Exact fixes by distribution

Fedora 46 · perl-WWW-OrangeHRM-Client · FIXED · 0.12.0-21.fc46 · FEDORA-2026-2d14efca09 · source

sudo dnf upgrade --advisory=FEDORA-2026-2d14efca09

Public exploits and detection

Public code exists for this CVE. Treat unpatched systems as at risk, and only run PoCs in a lab.

GitHub PoC: Immersive-Labs-Sec/CVE-2025-31161 (48 stars)
GitHub PoC: 0xgh057r3c0n/CVE-2025-31161 (5 stars)
GitHub PoC: TX-One/CVE-2025-31161 (2 stars)
Write-up: attackerkb.com/topics/k0EgiL9Psz/cve-2025-2825/rapid7-analysis
Write-up: outpost24.com/blog/crushftp-auth-bypass-vulnerability/
Write-up: projectdiscovery.io/blog/crushftp-authentication-bypass
Exploit-DB: CrushFTP 11.3.1 - Authentication Bypass
Nuclei scan template: CrushFTP - Authentication Bypass

Verify at the official source NVD · CVE Program · CISA KEV catalog · Report a problem with this page
Scores and fixes here are computed automatically from those and other public sources. Confirm with the vendor advisory before changing production systems.

Quick answers

How do I fix CVE-2025-31161?

crushftp: upgrade to 10.8.4, 11.3.1. Exact commands for each OS are on this page.

Is CVE-2025-31161 being exploited?

Yes. CVE-2025-31161 is on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list, so treat it as patch-now.

What does CVE-2025-31161 affect?

CVE-2025-31161 affects crushftp. Severity is critical (CVSS 9.8). CrushFTP 10 before 10.8.4 and 11 before 11.3.1 allows authentication bypass and takeover of the crushadmin account (unless a DMZ proxy instance is used), as exploited in the wild in March and April 2025, aka "Unauthenticated HTTP(S) port ac

How urgent is CVE-2025-31161?

Priority 100/100. Critical severity; EPSS top 1%: very likely to be exploited; Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV); Used in ransomware campaigns; Public exploit reference; CISA SSVC: automatable with total technical impact; Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

Related CVEs

CVE-2025-63420 MEDIUM 4.1 UPGRADE CrushFTP11 before 11.3.7_57 is vulnerable to stored HTML injection in the CrushFTP Admin Panel (Reports / "Who
CVE-2025-63419 MEDIUM 6.1 UPGRADE Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in CrushFTP 11.3.6_48
CVE-2025-54309 CRITICAL 9.0 EXPLOITED UPGRADE CrushFTP Unprotected Alternate Channel Vulnerability
CVE-2025-32103 MEDIUM 5.0 UPGRADE CrushFTP 9.x and 10.x through 10.8.4 and 11.x through 11.3.1 allows directory traversal via the /WebInterface/
CVE-2025-32102 MEDIUM 5.0 UPGRADE CrushFTP 9.x and 10.x through 10.8.4 and 11.x through 11.3.1 allows SSRF via the host and port parameters in a

References

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