CVE-2025-44655: In TOTOLink A7100RU V7.4, A950RG V5.9, and T10 V5.9, the chroot_local_user option is enabled in the vsftpd.con

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CRITICAL 9.8REMOTEMITIGATEMITIGATEMITIGATE

CVE-2025-44655 is a critical-severity flaw (CVSS 9.8) affecting a7100ru firmware, a950rg firmware, t10 firmware. Below: why it ranks where it does, which versions are affected, what to do, and the exact commands.

In TOTOLink A7100RU V7.4, A950RG V5.9, and T10 V5.9, the chroot_local_user option is enabled in the vsftpd.conf. This could lead to unauthorized access to system files, privilege escalation, or use of the compromised server as a pivot point for internal network attacks.

Why this priority

Critical severity
Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

No fix is published yet: follow the downgrade or mitigation steps.

Risk facts

CVSS score	9.8 (Critical)
Attack vector	Network (remote)
Attack complexity	Low
Privileges needed	None
User interaction	None
EPSS exploit chance	0.4% (top 68%)
CISA exploited list	No
Weakness	CWE-266
Published	2025-07-21
Last modified	2026-07-05

Publisher (CNA): MITRE · Vendor: totolink

Last updated 2026-07-05 · Sources: CVE Program, NVD, CISA KEV, EPSS and vendor advisories · How we score

Am I affected?

Timeline

2025-07-21 16:15 UTCPublished CVE record published
2026-07-05 01:21 UTCUpdated Record last modified

totolink a7100ru firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 7.4

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 7.4

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

totolink a950rg firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 5.9

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 5.9

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

totolink t10 firmware MITIGATE

Affected: 5.9

Fixed in: no fixed release known

Safe to downgrade to: a release before 5.9

Check your OS release

cat /etc/os-release; uname -r

Debian / Ubuntu

sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade

RHEL / Amazon Linux / Fedora

sudo dnf upgrade --refresh

Windows

Install the latest cumulative update from Windows Update

If no patch exists yet

OS downgrades are not safe. Apply the vendor mitigation from the advisory and restrict exposure.

Verify at the official source NVD · CVE Program · Report a problem with this page
Scores and fixes here are computed automatically from those and other public sources. Confirm with the vendor advisory before changing production systems.

Quick answers

How do I fix CVE-2025-44655?

a7100ru firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation; a950rg firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation; t10 firmware: mitigate or apply the listed mitigation. Exact commands for each OS are on this page.

Is CVE-2025-44655 being exploited?

CVE-2025-44655 is not on the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities list at the time of the last update. Check again, as this can change.

What does CVE-2025-44655 affect?

CVE-2025-44655 affects a7100ru firmware, a950rg firmware, t10 firmware. Severity is critical (CVSS 9.8). In TOTOLink A7100RU V7.4, A950RG V5.9, and T10 V5.9, the chroot_local_user option is enabled in the vsftpd.conf. This could lead to unauthorized access to system files, privilege escalation, or use of the compromised server as a pivot point

How urgent is CVE-2025-44655?

Priority 47/100. Critical severity; Remotely exploitable, no login, no user action

Software pages

vsftpd vulnerabilities

References

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